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GEOLOGY TIME SCALE

HOLOCENE
PLEISTOCENE From upper Pliocene to Plistocene Upliftment of Outer Himalayas(Siwalik). Main Boundary Thrust(MBT)formed.
PLIOCENE From Miocene to Plioceen Main Central Thrust(MCT)formed. Upliftment of Lesser Himalaya(Second Phase)
OLIGOCENE ECOCENE From Ecocene to Oligocene Upliftment of Central Himalaya.
CENOZOIC ERA PALAEOCENE From the Cretaceous to Eocene Collison of Indian and Eurasion plate begins.(Continent continent collision)- Indus Tsangpo Suture Zone formed (ITSZ)formed.
MESOZOIC ERA CRETACEOUS (LATE) Extensive eruption of basalt leading to formation of Deccan Lava Plateau. Enclosure of Tethys which start shrinking. UPPER From Carboniferous to Permian Deposition in three great graben like basins Mahanadi, Damodar and Godavari Known as Gondwana deposits.(Region with rich coal reserves)
PALAEOZOIC ERA LOWER From Cambrian to Carboniferous(Early) Formation conspicuously absent
UPPER PROTEROZOIC Vindhyan synclinedevoid of metalliferous minerals. Vindhyan Mountain – formed of shales, slates, clay and limestone


MIDDLE PROTEROZOIC Satpura, Shillong Plateau Formation and deposition in Cuddapah depression.
EARLY PROTEROZOIC Delhi Aravalli orogeny took place
PRECAMBRIAN CLOSE ARCHEN Dharwar systemcover whole length of Karnataka(region with rich iron ore reserves)
LATE ARCHEAN Peninsular Gneiss and Eastern Ghat formation
MIDDLE ARCHEAN Singhbhum & Keonjhar Orogeny (rich iron orereserves)

RIVER VALLEY PROJECTS

WEST FLOWING RIVER

KRISHNA RIVER SYSTEM

THE GODAVARI RIVER SYSTEM

THE BRAHMAPUTRA SYSTEM

THE GANGA SYSTEM

INFORMATION ABOUT HIMALAYAN RIVERS

INDIA- MAJOR SOIL TYPES

PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS MAJOR DIVISIONS: WESTERN HIMALAYA

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