ALLUVIAL SOIL Distribution:7.7 lakh km2 (24% of the country’s total area) Formation: Formed due to deposition of alluvium brought by rivers over millions of years. Newer alluvium is called khadar and the old alluvium is called Bhangar Terai Soil: Bhabar infertile soil: Usar Characteristics: Very fertile soil, rich in potash and lime, deficient in humus, nitrogen and phosphorus. Regions&States: Northern plains or river basin: Punjab, Haryana, eastern part of Rajasthan, Gujarat, U.P., Bihar, West Bengal and Assam Valley. BLACK COTTON SOIL OR REGUR SOIL. Distribution: 5.18 lakh km2 (16%) Formation: Formed over Deccan lava, gneiss and granites. Characteristics: Black in colour due to presence of Fe and Mg. Deficient in nitrogen and phosphoric acid. Rich in potash and lime. Regions&States: It covers lateaus of Maharastra,Sourth Orissa, Northern Karnataka, Parts of Rajasthan (two districts of Bundi and Tonk)Central and South Tamil Nadu.
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